The International Software Testing Qualifications Board (ISTQB) is a globally recognized organization that offers certifications in software testing. If you're preparing for an ISTQB interview, you can expect to face questions related to software testing methodologies, tools, and best practices. In this article, we'll cover some common ISTQB interview questions to help you get ready for your interview and showcase your expertise in the field. Whether you're a seasoned software tester or just starting out, these questions will help you brush up on your knowledge and skills.
Ans: ISTQB stands for "International Software Testing Qualifications Board".
It is a Belgium based International body legally established in the year 2002.
Software testing professionals from all over the world joined hands in formulating standardized content for further education in the field of Software Testing. It is a multiple-choice exam & is an education program offered in 38 countries.
Ans: Almost all-major countries are the member of the parent body i.e. ISTQB. These member countries have their local Software Testing Qualification Boards. These local boards provide their inputs to the syllabus and question papers for various exams including the process of examination. Such boards conduct the exams strictly in accordance with the common syllabus defined by ISTQB & provide the necessary certification. In India, ITB (Indian Testing Board) is the ISTQB approved national board & provides the "ISTQB Certified Tester" Certification in India.
1) ISTQB Certified Tester - Foundation Level Certificate (CTFL): Valid for whole Life.
2) ISTQB Certified Tester - Advanced Level Certificate (CTAL): Valid for whole Life.
Ans: The definition of Exploratory Testing is “simultaneous test design and execution” against an application. This means that the tester uses her domain knowledge and testing experience to predict where and under what conditions the system might behave unexpectedly. As the tester starts exploring the system, new test design ideas are thought of on the fly and executed against the software under test.
On an exploratory testing session, the tester executes a chain of actions against the system, each action depends on the result of the previous action, hence the outcome of the result of the actions could influence what the tester does next, therefore the test sessions are not identical.
This is in contrast to Scripted Testing where tests are designed beforehand using the requirements or design documents, usually before the system is ready and execute those exact same steps against the system in another time.
Exploratory Testing is usually performed as the product is evolving (agile) or as a final check before the software is released. It is a complementary activity to automated regression testing.
Ans: Test Techniques are primarily used for two purposes: a) To help identify defects, b) To reduce the number of test cases.
1) Equivalence partitioning is mainly used to reduce the number of test cases by identifying different sets of data that are not the same and only executing one test from each set of data
2) Boundary Value Analysis is used to check the behavior of the system at the boundaries of allowed data.
3) State Transition Testing is used to validate allowed and disallowed states and transitions from one state to another by various input data
4) Pair-wise or All Pairs Testing is a very powerful test technique and is mainly used to reduce the number of test cases while increasing the coverage of feature combinations.
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Ans: Two types of testing that are very important for testing web applications are Performance Testing and Security Testing. The difference between a web application and desktop application is that web applications are open to the world, with potentially many users accessing the application simultaneously at various times, so load testing and stress testing are important.
Web applications are also vulnerable to all forms of attacks, mostly DDOS, so security testing is also very important to consider when testing web applications.
Ans: There is no definitive answer to this question. Testing is not absolute and has no limits. However, we can use risk metrics (risk-based testing) to identify the likely scenarios that can cause the most harm or the sections of the software that is mostly used so that we focus our time and effort on the sections that are most important.
Testing should provide enough information about the status or health of an application, so the stakeholders can make an informed decision on whether to release the software or spend more time on testing.
Ans: Error and Mistake are the same things. Bug, Defect, and Fault are the same things.
In general, a human being can make a mistake (error) which produces a defect (bug, fault) in a software application which may cause a failure.
Defects occur because human beings are prone to make mistakes, also a software application can be very complex so the integration of different components can cause odd behaviors.
Ans: Software Testing is necessary because the existence of faults in software is inevitable. Beyond fault-detection, the modern view of testing holds that fault-prevention (e.g. early fault detection/removal from requirements, designs, etc. through static tests) is at least as important as detecting faults in software by executing dynamic tests.
Ans: An error is a human action producing an incorrect result. The error is the activity undertaken by an analyst, designer, developer, or tester whose outcome is a fault in the deliverable being produced. When programmers make errors, they introduce faults to program code. We usually think of programmers when we mention errors, but any person involved in the development activities can make the error, which injects a fault into a deliverable.
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Ans: Software Testing can be divided into two parts:
Ans: the main purpose of a Test Technique is to help identify defects and reduce a large number of combinations. Testing everything is not possible, because there is a large number of test cases that can be executed against a given application. Test techniques such as equivalence partitioning and pairwise testing reduce permutations, while boundary value analysis help to identify defects at boundaries.
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Miscommunication or no communication
Quite often, the requirements of the business are not communicated to the development team. Product owners have an idea of what the feature should look like and how it should behave, but if not communicated properly to developers and testers, the finished product might not be as expected. The requirements should be communicated clearly to all stakeholders so everyone has the same understanding. Software complexity
The complexity of current software applications can be difficult to comprehend for anyone without experience in modern-day software development. Multi-tiered applications, client-server and distributed applications, data communications, enormous relational databases, and sheer size of applications have all contributed to the exponential growth in software/system complexity. programming errors – programmers, like anyone else, can make mistakes.
Changing requirements
The end-user may not understand the effects of changes or may understand and request them anyway – redesign, rescheduling of engineers, effects on other projects, work already completed that may have to be redone or thrown out, hardware requirements that may be affected, etc. If there are many minor changes or any major changes, known and unknown dependencies among parts of the project are likely to interact and cause problems, and the complexity of coordinating changes may result in errors. The enthusiasm of engineering staff may be affected. In some fast-changing business environments, continuously modified requirements may be a fact of life. In this case, management must understand the resulting risks, and QA and test engineers must adapt and plan for continuous extensive testing to keep the inevitable bugs from running out of control.
Poorly documented code
It’s tough to maintain and modify code that is badly written or poorly documented; the result is bugged. In many organizations, management provides no incentive for programmers to document their code or write clear, understandable, maintainable code. In fact, it’s usually the opposite: they get points mostly for quickly turning out code, and there’s job security if nobody else can understand it (‘if it was hard to write, it should be hard to read’).
Software development tools
Visual tools, class libraries, compilers, scripting tools, etc. often introduce their own bugs or are poorly documented, resulting in added bugs.
Ans: It is a known fact that the common practices generally lag behind the best practices by around 25 - 30 years. The basic advantage of ISTQB certifications is that these are aimed at bringing the common practices to the level of best practices. ISTQB certifications are of International nature, whose certificate is recognized in several countries across various continents. Since the syllabus of ISTQB certification exams is targeted to various concepts & techniques having a real-world application, the ISTQB certification carries the respect of the highest order among the international community. ISTQB certification means an automatic certificate of sound practical knowledge & high caliber of the certified professional. This is certainly regarded as a golden feather in the cap of the certified person. Due to great respect commanded by the ISTQB certification in the trade, it helps the aspirants in shaping their career path. ISTQB certification provides a rock-solid foundation for professional growth to the certified person. ISTQB delivers value to the software testing profession itself.
Ans: It is a Knowledge-Based Exam. The aspirant need not have any prior experience. No re-certification is required after some time since the certificate remains valid for the whole life. The Syllabus is very well structured & easy to understand.
This certification signifies that the:
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